枫秀学习日志

// TreeSet是对TreeMap的简单包装
public class TreeSet<E> extends AbstractSet<E>
    implements NavigableSet<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
{
	// ......
    private transient NavigableMap<E,Object> m;
    // Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map
    private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();
    public TreeSet() {
        this.m = new TreeMap<E,Object>();// TreeSet里面有一个TreeMap
    }
    // ......
    public boolean add(E e) {
        return m.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
    }
    // ......
}

 
 // 存储hash的桶
 private transient Entry<?,?>[] table;
 // 已存的数据
 private transient int count;

//扩容操作的阈值
 private int threshold;

 //加载因子 一般情况下为0.75
 private float loadFactor;

 // 添加删除的次数
 private transient int modCount = 0;

private static class Entry<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
    //hash值
    final int hash;
    //对应元素的key值
    final K key;
    //对应元素的value值
    V value;
    //指向下一个节点的引用
    Entry<K,V> next;
    //...省略部分代码
 }

public synchronized V put(K key, V value) {
  // Make sure the value is not null
  if (value == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException();
  }

  // Makes sure the key is not already in the hashtable.
  Entry<?,?> tab[] = table;
  int hash = key.hashCode();
  int index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;
  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
  Entry<K,V> entry = (Entry<K,V>)tab[index];
  for(; entry != null ; entry = entry.next) {
      if ((entry.hash == hash) && entry.key.equals(key)) {
          V old = entry.value;
          entry.value = value;
          return old;
      }
  }

  addEntry(hash, key, value, index);
  return null;
}

private void addEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int index) {
    modCount++;

    Entry<?,?> tab[] = table;
    //判断当前元素个数是否大于扩容阈值，若大于则rehash，否则
    if (count >= threshold) {
        // Rehash the table if the threshold is exceeded
        rehash();

        tab = table;
        hash = key.hashCode();
        index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;
    }

    // Creates the new entry.
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    Entry<K,V> e = (Entry<K,V>) tab[index];
    tab[index] = new Entry<>(hash, key, value, e);
    count++;
}

protected void rehash() {
    int oldCapacity = table.length;
    Entry<?,?>[] oldMap = table;

    // overflow-conscious code
    //扩容为源码的2*oldCapacity + 1;
    int newCapacity = (oldCapacity << 1) + 1;
    if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0) {
        if (oldCapacity == MAX_ARRAY_SIZE)
            // Keep running with MAX_ARRAY_SIZE buckets
            return;
        newCapacity = MAX_ARRAY_SIZE;
    }
    //新建扩容后的数组
    Entry<?,?>[] newMap = new Entry<?,?>[newCapacity];

    modCount++;
    threshold = (int)Math.min(newCapacity * loadFactor, MAX_ARRAY_SIZE + 1);
    table = newMap;
    //重新分布元素到不同的位置
    for (int i = oldCapacity ; i-- > 0 ;) {
        for (Entry<K,V> old = (Entry<K,V>)oldMap[i] ; old != null ; ) {
            Entry<K,V> e = old;
            old = old.next;

            int index = (e.hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % newCapacity;
            e.next = (Entry<K,V>)newMap[index];
            newMap[index] = e;
        }
    }
}

public synchronized V get(Object key) {
    Entry<?,?> tab[] = table;
    int hash = key.hashCode();
    int index = (hash & 0x7FFFFFFF) % tab.length;
    for (Entry<?,?> e = tab[index] ; e != null ; e = e.next) {
        if ((e.hash == hash) && e.key.equals(key)) {
            return (V)e.value;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * 指向链表的头部
 */
transient LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> head;

/**
 * 指向链表的尾部
 */
transient LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> tail;

/**
 * 链表的插入顺序，如果是false，则按照插入顺序，如果是true按照访问顺序。
 * 注意这里时final，一旦定义不能修改
 */
final boolean accessOrder;

public LinkedHashMap(int initialCapacity,
                  float loadFactor,
                  boolean accessOrder) {
super(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
this.accessOrder = accessOrder;
}

static class Entry<K,V> extends HashMap.Node<K,V> {
        Entry<K,V> before, after;
        Entry(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
            super(hash, key, value, next);
        }
    }

// 创建新节点
Node<K,V> newNode(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> e) {
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> p =
        new LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>(hash, key, value, e);
    linkNodeLast(p);
    return p;
}

// 取代新节点
Node<K,V> replacementNode(Node<K,V> p, Node<K,V> next) {
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> q = (LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>)p;
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> t =
        new LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>(q.hash, q.key, q.value, next);
    transferLinks(q, t);
    return t;
}

TreeNode<K,V> newTreeNode(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
    TreeNode<K,V> p = new TreeNode<K,V>(hash, key, value, next);
    linkNodeLast(p);
    return p;
}

TreeNode<K,V> replacementTreeNode(Node<K,V> p, Node<K,V> next) {
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> q = (LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>)p;
    TreeNode<K,V> t = new TreeNode<K,V>(q.hash, q.key, q.value, next);
    transferLinks(q, t);
    return t;
}
private void transferLinks(LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> src,
                            LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> dst) {
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> b = dst.before = src.before;
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> a = dst.after = src.after;
    if (b == null)
        head = dst;
    else
        b.after = dst;
    if (a == null)
        tail = dst;
    else
        a.before = dst;
}

 private void linkNodeLast(LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> p) {
        LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> last = tail;
        tail = p;
        if (last == null)
            head = p;
        else {
            p.before = last;
            last.after = p;
        }
    }

// 在插入完成后，判断是否需要移除某些节点，
// 根据源码可以得出，是不会执行到if中
void afterNodeInsertion(boolean evict) { // possibly remove eldest
  LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> first;
  if (evict && (first = head) != null && removeEldestEntry(first)) {
      K key = first.key;
      removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true);
  }
}

// 主要用于扩展，什么时机删除
protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K,V> eldest) {
    return false;
}

// 根据是否按照访问顺序进行排序
void afterNodeAccess(Node<K,V> e) { // move node to last
  LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> last;
  if (accessOrder && (last = tail) != e) {
      LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> p =
          (LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>)e, b = p.before, a = p.after;
      p.after = null;
      if (b == null)
          head = a;
      else
          b.after = a;
      if (a != null)
          a.before = b;
      else
          last = b;
      if (last == null)
          head = p;
      else {
          p.before = last;
          last.after = p;
      }
      tail = p;
      ++modCount;
  }
}

public V get(Object key) {
    Node<K,V> e;
    if ((e = getNode(hash(key), key)) == null)
        return null;
    if (accessOrder)
        afterNodeAccess(e);
    return e.value;
}

void afterNodeRemoval(Node<K,V> e) { // unlink
    LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> p =
        (LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V>)e, b = p.before, a = p.after;
    p.before = p.after = null;
    if (b == null)
        head = a;
    else
        b.after = a;
    if (a == null)
        tail = b;
    else
        a.before = b;
}

public class LinkedHashSet<E>
    extends HashSet<E>
    implements Set<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable {
    // ......
    // LinkedHashSet里面有一个LinkedHashMap
    public LinkedHashSet(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
        map = new LinkedHashMap<>(initialCapacity, loadFactor);
    }
	// ......
    public boolean add(E e) {//简单的方法转换
        return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
    }
    // ......
}

/** 一个固定大小的FIFO替换策略的缓存 */
class FIFOCache<K, V> extends LinkedHashMap<K, V>{
    private final int cacheSize;
    public FIFOCache(int cacheSize){
        this.cacheSize = cacheSize;
    }

    // 当Entry个数超过cacheSize时，删除最老的Entry
    @Override
    protected boolean removeEldestEntry(Map.Entry<K,V> eldest) {
       return size() > cacheSize;
    }
}

Map m = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap(...));

static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
        final int hash;    //用来定位数组索引位置
        final K key;
        V value;
        Node<K,V> next;   //链表的下一个node

        Node(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) { ... }
        public final K getKey(){ ... }
        public final V getValue() { ... }
        public final String toString() { ... }
        public final int hashCode() { ... }
        public final V setValue(V newValue) { ... }
        public final boolean equals(Object o) { ... }
}

int threshold;             // 所能容纳的key-value对极限 
final float loadFactor;    // 负载因子
int modCount;  
int size;  

static final int hash(Object key) {   //jdk1.8 & jdk1.7
     int h;
     // h = key.hashCode() 为第一步 取hashCode值
     // h ^ (h >>> 16)  为第二步 高位参与运算
     return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
}

//jdk1.7的源码，jdk1.8没有这个方法，但是实现原理一样的
static int indexFor(int h, int length) {  // length对应着table的长度
     return h & (length-1);  //第三步 取模运算
}

 1 public V put(K key, V value) {
 2     // 对key的hashCode()做hash
 3     return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
 4 }
 5 
/**
 * hash：key对应的hash值
 * key ：key值
 * value – value值
 * onlyIfAbsent – 如果为true，只有key不存在的时候才插入新值
 * evict – LinkedList会使用，标记是创建模式还是更新模式
 * 
 */
 6 final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
 7                boolean evict) {
 8     Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, i;
 9     // 步骤①：tab为空则创建
10     if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
11         n = (tab = resize()).length;
12     // 步骤②：计算index，并对null做处理 
13     if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null) 
14         tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
15     else {
16         Node<K,V> e; K k;
17         // 步骤③：节点key存在，直接覆盖value
18         if (p.hash == hash &&
19             ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
20             e = p;
21         // 步骤④：判断该链为红黑树
22         else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
23             e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
24         // 步骤⑤：该链为链表
25         else {
26             for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
27                 if ((e = p.next) == null) {
28                     p.next = newNode(hash, key,value,null);
                        //链表长度大于8转换为红黑树进行处理
29                     if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st  
30                         treeifyBin(tab, hash);
31                     break;
32                 }
                    // key已经存在直接覆盖value
33                 if (e.hash == hash &&
34                     ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) 
35							break;
36                 p = e;
37             }
38         }
39         
40         if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
41             V oldValue = e.value;
42             if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
43                 e.value = value;
44             afterNodeAccess(e);
45             return oldValue;
46         }
47     }

48     ++modCount;
49     // 步骤⑥：超过最大容量 就扩容
50     if (++size > threshold)
51         resize();
52     afterNodeInsertion(evict);
53     return null;
54 }

 1 void resize(int newCapacity) {   //传入新的容量
 2     Entry[] oldTable = table;    //引用扩容前的Entry数组
 3     int oldCapacity = oldTable.length;         
 4     if (oldCapacity == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {  //扩容前的数组大小如果已经达到最大(2^30)了
 5         threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE; //修改阈值为int的最大值(2^31-1)，这样以后就不会扩容了
 6         return;
 7     }
 8  
 9     Entry[] newTable = new Entry[newCapacity];  //初始化一个新的Entry数组
10     transfer(newTable);                         //！！将数据转移到新的Entry数组里
11     table = newTable;                           //HashMap的table属性引用新的Entry数组
12     threshold = (int)(newCapacity * loadFactor);//修改阈值
13 }

 1 void transfer(Entry[] newTable) {
 2     Entry[] src = table;                   //src引用了旧的Entry数组
 3     int newCapacity = newTable.length;
 4     for (int j = 0; j < src.length; j++) { //遍历旧的Entry数组
 5         Entry<K,V> e = src[j];             //取得旧Entry数组的每个元素
 6         if (e != null) {
 7             src[j] = null;//释放旧Entry数组的对象引用（for循环后，旧的Entry数组不再引用任何对象）
 8             do {
 9                 Entry<K,V> next = e.next;
10                 int i = indexFor(e.hash, newCapacity); //！！重新计算每个元素在数组中的位置
11                 e.next = newTable[i]; //标记[1]
12                 newTable[i] = e;      //将元素放在数组上
13                 e = next;             //访问下一个Entry链上的元素
14             } while (e != null);
15         }
16     }
17 } 

 1 final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
 2     Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
 3     int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
 4     int oldThr = threshold;
 5     int newCap, newThr = 0;
 6     if (oldCap > 0) {
 7         // 超过最大值就不再扩充了，就只好随你碰撞去吧
 8         if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
 9             threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
10             return oldTab;
11         }
12         // 没超过最大值，就扩充为原来的2倍
13         else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
14                  oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
15             newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
16     }
17     else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
18         newCap = oldThr;
19     else {               // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
20         newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
21         newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
22     }
23     // 计算新的resize上限
24     if (newThr == 0) {
25 
26         float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
27         newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
28                   (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
29     }
30     threshold = newThr;
31     @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes"，"unchecked"})
32         Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
33     table = newTab;
34     if (oldTab != null) {
35         // 把每个bucket都移动到新的buckets中
36         for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
37             Node<K,V> e;
38             if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
39                 oldTab[j] = null;
40                 if (e.next == null)
41                     newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
42                 else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
43                     ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
44                 else { // 链表优化重hash的代码块
45                     Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
46                     Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
47                     Node<K,V> next;
48                     do {
49                         next = e.next;
50                         // 原索引
51                         if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
52                             if (loTail == null)
53                                 loHead = e;
54                             else
55                                 loTail.next = e;
56                             loTail = e;
57                         }
58                         // 原索引+oldCap
59                         else {
60                             if (hiTail == null)
61                                 hiHead = e;
62                             else
63                                 hiTail.next = e;
64                             hiTail = e;
65                         }
66                     } while ((e = next) != null);
67                     // 原索引放到bucket里
68                     if (loTail != null) {
69                         loTail.next = null;
70                         newTab[j] = loHead;
71                     }
72                     // 原索引+oldCap放到bucket里
73                     if (hiTail != null) {
74                         hiTail.next = null;
75                         newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
76                     }
77                 }
78             }
79         }
80     }
81     return newTab;
82 }

public class HashMapInfiniteLoop {  

    private static HashMap<Integer,String> map = new HashMap<Integer,String>(2，0.75f);  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        map.put(5， "C");  

        new Thread("Thread1") {  
            public void run() {  
                map.put(7, "B");  
                System.out.println(map);  
            };  
        }.start();  
        new Thread("Thread2") {  
            public void run() {  
                map.put(3, "A);  
                System.out.println(map);  
            };  
        }.start();        
    }  
} 

//HashSet是对HashMap的简单包装
public class HashSet<E>
{
// ......
private transient HashMap<E,Object> map;//HashSet里面有一个HashMap
// Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map
private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();
public HashSet() {
    map = new HashMap<>();
}
// ......
public boolean add(E e) {//简单的方法转换
    return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
}
// ......
}